Due to these properties, the titanium dioxide pigments have a wide range of application and are considered valuable. These pigments are used in manufacturing of ink, plastic goods, paper, paints etc.
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Titanium Dioxide
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Ilmenite and Rutile are two minerals that are
abundantly found in USA, Australia, India and South Africa. Australia
alone produces about 40% ilmenite and 25% rutile in the world. |
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Physically Titanium Dioxide Pigments are found in white
powder form. High obscurity is present in these pigment powder. These
pigment powders have very good whiteness, very high covering capacity, and
good retardation capacity.
Due to these properties, the titanium dioxide pigments have a wide range of application and are considered valuable. These pigments are used in manufacturing of ink, plastic goods, paper, paints etc.
Due to these properties, the titanium dioxide pigments have a wide range of application and are considered valuable. These pigments are used in manufacturing of ink, plastic goods, paper, paints etc.
 Common
physical and mechanical properties of Titania (sintered titanium) |
| Property | Values |
| Modulus of Rupture | 140 MPa |
| Compressive Strength | 680 MPa |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 |
| Dielectric Constant(1 MHz) | 85 |
| Shear Modulus | 90 GPa |
| Micro Hardness(HVO .5) | 880 |
| Resistivity(25 degree C) | 10 to the power 12 ohm.cm |
| Resistivity( 700 degree C) | 2.5*10 to the power 4 ohm.cm |
| Dissipation Factor(1 M Hz) | 5*/10 to the power 4 |
| Dielectric Strength | 4 KV/mm |
| Thermal expansion(RT-1000 degree C) | 9*/10 to the power 6 |
| Thermal Conductivity(25 degree C) | 11.7 W/mk |
| Modulus of Electicity | 230 GPa |
| Density | 4 gm/meter cube |
| Porosity | 0% |
| Applications
of Titanium Dioxide |
As sintered titanium has relatively poor mechanical
properties, so its applications are constrained. But, it is used for a
number of electrical applications. Titania is widely used as a pigment. As a
pigment, it is used in powder form to exploit its optical properties.
| Use
of Titanium Dioxide as a pigment |
The most common form of titanium dioxide as pigment
substance is its powder form. As a pigment, it provides whiteness and
opacity to paints and coatings, plastics, paper, inks, food, cosmetic and
fibers. The most common form of titanium dioxide as a pigment is white
pigment. This is because, it is very white and very high refractive index.
The bright whiteness and high refractive index of titanium dioxide make it
to become as an effective opacifier for pigments. It is also used as an
opacifier in cosmetics, sunscreen, paper, paints etc.
| Formation
processes of Titanium Dioxide Pigments |
By processing the naturally occurring rutiles or
ilmenite minerals, these pigments are derived. Both, these two are
rutiles and ilmenite, the ores of titanium dioxide.
| Manufacturing
technologies of Titanium Dioxide Pigments |
Sulphate
ProcessSulphate Process is the first process that was used to convert ilmenite into titanium dioxide. Some sulphate process plants have been built to produce a very big quantity of waste iron sulfate and to manufacture low quality products for most of the applications. Through the process, the pigments produced are called anatase. These pigments are used mainly used in the paper industry, ceramics and inks manufacturing.
Chlorine
ProcessIn chlorine process, the chlorine reacts to synthetic rutile and form volatile titanium tetrachloride. Later on, this is oxidized to obtain iron chloride and other impurities. To produce 5-6 tonnes of titanium dioxide pigments, about one tonne of chlorine is needed. Chlorine process has been separated into another subprocess that is called Chloride Process.
Chloride
process This process requires to get processed from ilmenite into rutile form. It means to remove the iron components to obtain crude titanium dioxide that is also called synthetic rutile. Generally. To manufacture 1 tonne of Titanium dioxide pigments, 1.6 tonne synthetic rutile is required.